Hiatus Hernia

Hiatus hernia is a type of hernia where the upper part of the stomach has been forced up through a hole in the diaphragm. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that separates the lungs from the abdomen. When a person takes a deep breath, the dome-shaped diaphragm contracts and flattens. In doing this, the diaphragm pulls air into the lungs. The left diaphragm contains a small hole through which passes the tube-shaped esophagus that carries food and liquid to the stomach. Normally this hole, called a hiatus, is small and fits snugly around the esophagus. The J-shaped stomach sits below the diaphragm. It will cause heartburn and pain and because it pinches the vagus nerve, it may cause decreased acid production. In most cases a kinesiologist or a chiropractor can push down the stomach.

In some people, the hiatus or hole in the diaphragm weakens and enlarges. It is not known why this occurs. It may be due to heredity, obesity, exercises such as weightlifting, or straining at stool. Whatever the cause, a portion of the stomach herniates, or moves up, into the chest cavity through this enlarged hole. A hiatus hernia is now present. Hiatus hernias are very common, occurring in up to 60 percent of people by age 60.

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